π Grammar 13: How to Use ~λ€μ – Expressing Surprise or Realization in Korean
π How to Use ~λ€μ – Expressing Surprise or Realization in Korean
Have you ever wanted to say “Oh, it’s really big!”, “Wow, it’s delicious!”, or “I see!” in Korean?
In Korean, the expression ~λ€μ is a polite and natural way to express surprise, realization, admiration, or new discovery.
In this post, you’ll learn how to use ~λ€μ properly with verbs, adjectives, and the different emotions it conveys in real-life Korean conversation!
π² What Does ~λ€μ Mean?
~λ€μ is used when you learn or feel something in the moment, often with emotion or surprise.
- Wow, it’s hot! → λ₯λ€μ!
- I see, you’re a teacher → μ μλμ΄μλ€μ!
- This food is really good! → μ΄ μμ λ§μλ€μ!
It’s often translated as: "Oh!", "Wow!", "I see", "Indeed", "So..."
π§ Conjugation Rules
- Verb or adjective stem + λ€μ
- Use with both action and descriptive verbs
- Works in present or past tense
Examples:
- ν¬λ€ → ν¬λ€μ – It’s big
- μ’λ€ → μ’λ€μ – It’s nice
- λΉκ° μ€λ€ → λΉκ° μ€λ€μ – It’s raining!
- λ¨Ήλ€ → λ¨Ήλ€μ – (You’re) eating!
π When to Use ~λ€μ
Use ~λ€μ when:
- ✅ You just realized or noticed something
- ✅ You’re expressing an emotional reaction (surprise, admiration, joy)
- ✅ You’re talking politely but with feeling
π Example Sentences
- μ€λ λ μ¨ μ’λ€μ – The weather is nice today!
o-neul nal-ssi jo-ne-yo - μ λ§ λΉ λ₯΄λ€μ! – Wow, that’s really fast!
jeong-mal bba-reu-ne-yo - μ¬κΈ° μμ μ§μ§ λ§μλ€μ – The food here is really delicious!
yeo-gi eum-sik jin-jja ma-sit-ne-yo - νμμ΄ λ§λ€μ – There are a lot of students!
hak-saeng-i man-ne-yo - μκ°μ΄ λ²μ¨ μ΄λ κ² λλ€μ – Wow, it’s already this late!
si-gan-i beol-sseo i-reo-ke dwaet-ne-yo
π Grammar Summary
Base Verb | Form with ~λ€μ | Meaning | Romanization |
---|---|---|---|
ν¬λ€ (to be big) | ν¬λ€μ | Oh, it’s big | keu-ne-yo |
λ₯λ€ (to be hot) | λ₯λ€μ | It’s hot! | deop-ne-yo |
μ€λ€ (to come) | μ€λ€μ | (Oh) it's coming | o-ne-yo |
λ¨Ήλ€ (to eat) | λ¨Ήλ€μ | You're eating | meok-ne-yo |
❗ Don't Confuse with ~μ or ~κ΅°μ
- ~μ is just a polite ending (e.g., μ’μμ = It’s good)
- ~λ€μ adds emotional feeling or surprise (e.g., μ’λ€μ = Oh! It’s nice!)
- ~κ΅°μ is more formal and used more in writing or older speech
π§ͺ Mini Quiz – Try It!
- What does "λ§μλ€μ" mean?
a) It’s not good
b) It’s delicious!
Click to Show Answer
✅ b) It’s delicious!
- How do you say “Oh! You’re fast!”?
a) λΉ¨λΌμ!
b) λΉ λ₯΄λ€μ!
Click to Show Answer
✅ b) λΉ λ₯΄λ€μ!
- Choose the best translation for “It’s raining!”
a) λΉ μμ
b) λΉκ° μ€λ€μ
Click to Show Answer
✅ b) λΉκ° μ€λ€μ
✅ Conclusion
Now you can naturally express surprise, realization, or admiration in Korean using ~λ€μ!
- Use it with verbs and adjectives
- Express emotions politely
- Very common in daily speech
Try saying what you observe during your day in Korean with ~λ€μ:
- “It’s pretty!” → μμλ€μ
- “It’s cold!” → μΆ₯λ€μ
- “He sings well!” → λ Έλ μνλ€μ
π Coming Up Next
Next lesson: How to Say “And Then” in Korean – ~κ³ λμ
Learn how to say things like “I ate and then studied” using ~κ³ λμ.
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